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Chapter 7. Logging

Syntax error on line 10 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:

Invalid directory indexing option

Figure 7-4. error_log: Unformatted error messages

It is also possible to move the error log ﬁle, or to do without the ﬁle altogether (but

still log errors).

ErrorLog /var/httpd/logs/error.log

Figure 7-5. httpd.conf: Logging to a different ﬁle

The ErrorLog directive gives the name of the error log ﬁle (relative to the

server root, /etc/httpd if it not given as an absolute path). By default the log

ﬁle is speciﬁed as logs/error_log. You will recall that /etc/httpd/logs

is a symbolic link to /var/log/httpd so error logs are stored, by default, in

/var/log/httpd/error_log. Any ﬁlename given to this command that does not

start with a / will be resolved relative to the server root.

If the ﬁle name given is “syslog” then logging is not done to /etc/httpd/syslog

but rather all error logs are passed to the operating system’s system logger. This can

be useful if you arrange for your system logs to be transmitted off-machine to a cen-

tral logging engine which you want to receive Apache error logs too.

Finally, if the ﬁle name starts with a pipe character, |, then what follows is interpreted

as a command which should be forked and executed and which has the error log lines

passed to it on its standard input.

Syntax summary: Error logging commands

ErrorLog logfile

If logfile begins with “/” then this ﬁle will be used for the error log.

If logfile is “syslog” then the error logs will be passed to the system logger

with facility local7.

If logfile is “syslog:facility” then the error logs will be passed to the sys-

tem logger with facility facility. This must be one of the facilities known to

the system logger; you can’t just make up your own.

If logfile begins with “|” then what follows will be run as a command to re-

ceive the log lines on standard input.

Anything else is interpreted as a ﬁlename relative to the server root (/etc/httpd

by default).

LogLevel level

Any errors generated at logging levels equal to or more serious than level will

be logged.

Access logs

To date the only log ﬁle we have met is the error log. There is no logging in our

current server conﬁguration when things aren’t going wrong. Clearly we want to log

the requests that are made of our server. These are the access logs.

We need to decide what we want to log and where to log it to. We may want more

than one log ﬁle for different sets of data.

As (almost) ever, the means to get this functionality is to load a module:

log_conﬁg_module from mod_log_config.so.

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