Red Hat ENTERPRISE LINUX 5 - DEPLOYMENT Przewodnik Instalacji

Red Hat Engineering Content ServicesRüdiger LandmannJack Reed Petr Bokoč David CantrellHans De Goede Jon MastersRed Hat Enterprise Linux 5Installation

⁠Part I. x86, AMD64, Intel® 64 and Itanium - Installation andBootingThe Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide for Intel and AMD 32-bit and 64-bi

3. The Stage 2 or secondary boot loader is read into memory. The secondary boot loader displaysthe GRUB menu and command environment. This interface

Before installing GRUB, make sure to use the latest GRUB package available or use the GRUBpackage from the installation CD-ROMs. For instructions on i

The <bios-device-number> is the BIOS device number. The primary IDE hard drive is numbered 0 anda secondary IDE hard drive is numbered 1. This s

This sample blocklist specifies a file that starts at the first block on the partition and uses blocks 0through 49, 100 through 124, and 200.Knowing h

Refer to Section 9.7, “GRUB Menu Configuration File” for more information on configuringthis interface.Menu Entry Editor InterfaceTo access the menu

boot — Boots the operating system or chain loader that was last loaded.chainloader </path/to/file> — Loads the specified file as a chain loader.

root (<device-type><device-number>,<partition>) — Configures the root partition forGRUB, such as (hd0,0), and mounts the partition.T

Configuring a GRUB menu configuration file to boot multiple operating systems is beyond the scopeof this chapter. Consult Section 9.9, “ Additional Re

splashimage=<path-to-image> — Specifies the location of the splash screen image to beused when GRUB boots.title group-title — Specifies a title

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Deployment Guide; Red Hat, Inc. — The Workstation Security chapterexplains, in a concise manner, how to secure the GRUB boot

Chapter 1. Itanium System Specific Information1.1. It anium Syst em Inst allat ion OverviewInstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux on an Itanium system is

Chapter 10. Additional Resources about Itanium and LinuxOther reference materials, related to running Red Hat Enterprise Linux on an Itanium system, a

⁠Part II. IBM POWER Architecture - Installation and BootingThe Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide for IBM POWER systems discusses the install

Chapter 11. Steps to Get You Started11.1. Upgrade or Inst all?For information to help you determine whether to perform an upgrade or an installation r

have one or more partitions that may be deleted, thereby freeing up enough disk space to installRed Hat Enterprise Linux.To gain a better sense of how

where dvd refers to your DVD drive device.11.5.1. Preparing for FT P and HT T P inst allat ionIf you are setting up an installation tree for NFS, FTP

Ensure that the /publicly/available/directory directory is exported via NFS via an entry in /etc/exports.To export to a specific system: /publicly/ava

[5] Unp artitio ned d is k sp ac e means that availab le d is k sp ace o n the hard d rive(s) yo u are ins talling tohas no t b een d ivid ed into

Chapter 12. Installing on IBM System i and IBM System psystemsThis chapter explains how to perform a Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation from the DV

12.2. Boot ing t he IBM Syst em i or IBM Syst em p Inst allat ion ProgramTo boot an IBM System i or IBM System p system from a CD-ROM, you must specif

The Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation program offers more than the dialog boxes of theinstallation process. Several kinds of diagnostic messages a

The output is listed in the order the system was probed. So, all FAT16 file systems are listed first, thenIDE hard drives, then SCSI hard drives, then

Fig u re 12.2. In st allat io n Pro g ram Wid g et s as seen in Boot Loader ConfigurationFig u re 12.3. In st allat io n Pro g ram Wid g et s as s

Here is a list of the most important widgets shown in Figure 12.2, “ Installation Program Widgets asseen in Boot Loader Configuration” and Figure 12.

WarningUnless a dialog box is waiting for your input, do not press any keys during the installationprocess (doing so may result in unpredictable behav

Fig u re 12.4 . Select in g Part it io n Dialo g f or H ard Drive In st allat io nEnter the device name of the partition containing the Red Hat Ent

Fig u re 12.5. T C P/IP Co n f ig u rat io n12.9. Inst alling via NFSThe NFS dialog applies only if you are installing from an NFS server (if you sele

Fig u re 12.6 . NFS Set u p Dialo gIf the NFS server is exporting the ISO images of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CD-ROMs, enter thedirectory which co

Fig u re 12.7. FT P Set up Dialo gEnter the name or IP address of the FTP site you are installing from, and the name of the directorycontaining the v

The HTTP dialog applies only if you are installing from an HTTP server (that is, if you used the askmethod boot option and selected HT T P in the Inst

12.12. Welcome t o Red Hat Ent erprise LinuxThe Welcome screen does not prompt you for any input. From this screen you can access theRelease Notes fo

Fig u re 12.9 . Lan g u ag e Select io nOnce you select the appropriate language, click Next to continue.12.14 . Keyboard Configurat ionUsing your mou

Chapter 2. Steps to Get You Started2.1. Upgrade or Inst all?For information to help you determine whether to perform an upgrade or an installation ref

Fig u re 12.10. Keyb o ard Co nf ig u rat io nNoteTo change your keyboard layout type after you have completed the installation, use theKeyb o ard C

Fig u re 12.11. In st allat io n Nu mber12.16. Disk Part it ioning Set upPartitioning allows you to divide your hard drive into isolated sections, wh

WarningThe Up dat e Ag en t downloads updated packages to /var/cache/yum/ by default. If youpartition the system manually, and create a separate /var

WarningIf you receive an error after the Disk Partitioning Setup phase of the installation sayingsomething similar to:"The partition table on dev

ISCSI target and clicking on the Add Drive button. If a network connection is not already active,the installer prompts you to provide details of your

Fig u re 12.15. Co n f ig u re ISCSI Paramet ersPlease note that you will be able to reattempt with a different ISCSI target IP should you enter itinc

Fig u re 12.16 . C reat e Def au lt Layo utUsing your mouse, choose the storage drive(s) on which you want Red Hat Enterprise Linux to beinstalled. I

Note[This text does not apply to iSeries system users.]If you have a RAID card, be aware that some BIOSes do not support booting from the RAIDcard. In

Fig u re 12.17. Part it io n in g wit h Disk D ru id o n IBM Syst em p an d Syst em i syst emsThe partitioning tool used by the installation pro

Edit: Used to modify attributes of the partition currently selected in the Partitions section.Selecting Edit opens a dialog box. Some or all of the fi

If you do not already have a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.11 CD set or D VD, you can download one asan ISO image file from the Red Hat Customer Portal.

Hide RAID device/LVM Volume Group members: Select this option if you do not want to viewany RAID device or LVM Volume Group members that have been cre

A 3.0 GB partition allows you to install a minimal installation, while a 5.0 GB root partition letsyou perform a full installation, choosing all packa

Fig u re 12.18. Creat in g a New Part it io nMount Point: Enter the partition's mount point. For example, if this partition should be the rootpar

If you choose Fill all space up to (MB), you must give size constraints in the field to theright of this option. This allows you to keep a certain amo

12.20. Net work Configurat ionIf you do not have a network device, physical LAN, or virtual LAN, this screen does not appear duringyour installation a

Fig u re 12.20. Ed it in g a N et wo rk DeviceNoteDo not use the numbers as seen in this sample configuration. These values will not work foryour own

12.21. T ime Zone Configurat ionSet your time zone by selecting the city closest to your computer's physical location. Click on themap to zoom in

NoteTo change your time zone configuration after you have completed the installation, use theT ime an d Dat e Pro p ert ies T o o l.Type the system-c

Fig u re 12.22. Ro o t Passwo rdUse the root account only for system administration. Create a non-root account for your general useand su - to root w

NoteDo not use one of the example passwords offered in this manual. Using one of thesepasswords could be considered a security risk.NoteTo change your

Bo o t DVD/CD- R O MIf you can boot using the DVD/CD-ROM drive, you can create your own CD-ROM to bootthe installation program. This may be useful, f

Fig u re 12.23. Packag e G ro u p Select io nSelect each component you wish to install.Once a package group has been selected, if optional components

Fig u re 12.24 . Packag e G ro u p Det ails12.24 . Preparing t o Inst all12.24 .1. Prepare t o Inst allA screen preparing you for the installation o

12.25. Inst alling PackagesAt this point there is nothing left for you to do until all the packages have been installed. How quicklythis happens depen

[7] A ro o t p as swo rd is the ad minis trative p as swo rd fo r yo ur Red Hat Enterp ris e Linux system. Yo usho uld o nly lo g in as ro o t w

Chapter 13. Updating drivers during installation on IBM POWERsystemsIn most cases, Red Hat Enterprise Linux already includes drivers for the devices t

You cannot use a driver update to replace drivers that the installation program has alreadyloaded. Instead, you must complete the installation with th

13.2.1. Preparing t o use a driver updat e image file13.2.1.1. Preparing t o use an im age file o n lo cal st o rageTo make the ISO image file avai

Refer to Section 13.3.2, “ Let the installer prompt you for a driver update” and Section 13.3.4, “ Use aboot option to specify a driver update image

2. Right-click on this file and choose Write to disc. You will see a window similar to thefollowing:Fig u re 13.3. CD/D VD Creat o r' s Writ e t

Fig u re 13.4 . Co nt en t s o f a t yp ical d river u p d at e d isc o n CD o r DVDIf you see only a single file ending in .iso, then you have not c

sdb: sdb1sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdbsd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0usb-storage: device scan complete4. Unmount any part

1. Insert a blank, formatted floppy disk into an available drive, or connect an empty USBstorage device (such as a USB flash drive) to your computer.

find . | cpio --quiet -c -o | gzip -9 >/tmp/initrd_update.img5. Copy the file /tmp/initrd_update.img into the directory the holds the target that

installer will automatically examine the device and load any driver updates that it detects and will notprompt you during the process. Refer to Sectio

Fig u re 13.6 . T h e d river d isk p ro mp t2. Insert the driver update disk that you created on CD , DVD , floppy disk, or USB storage deviceand se

13.4 . Specifying t he locat ion of a driver updat e image file or driverupdat e diskIf the installer detects more than one possible device that could

Fig u re 13.8. Select in g a d river d isk part it io nThe installer prompts you to specify which file contains the driver update:Fig u re 13.9 . Sel

Expect to see these screens if you stored the driver update on an internal hard drive or on a USBstorage device. You should not see them if the driver

Chapter 14. Troubleshooting Installation on an IBM POWERSystemThis appendix discusses some common installation problems and their solutions.You may al

There are some video cards that have trouble booting into the graphical installation program. If theinstallation program does not run using its defaul

No matter what type of installation you are performing, backups of the existing data on your systemsshould always be made.14 .3.4 . Ot her Part it io

a. If necessary, edit syslinux.cfg for your particular environment. Forexample, to configure the installation to use a kickstart file shared over NFS

http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/AnacondaYou can also search for bug reports related to this problem. To search Red Hat's bug trackingsystem, go to:

WarningChange only the number of the default runlevel from 3 to 5.Your changed line should look like the following: id:5:initdefault: When you are sa

If you cannot remember your user account password, you must become root. To become root, type su - and enter your root password when prompted. Then, t

Chapter 15. Additional Boot Options for IBM Power SystemsThis section discusses additional boot and kernel boot options available for the Red Hat Ente

megabytes.mpathenables multipath support.Important — mandatory for installation on multipathdevicesIf you install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.11 on a n

resolution=tells the installation program which video mode to run. it accepts any standard resolution,such as 640x480, 800x600, 1024x768, and so on.se

⁠Part III. IBM System z Architecture - Installation and BootingThe Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide for IBM System z Architecture systems d

Chapter 16. Steps to Get You Started16.1. Pre-Inst allat ionThe installation process assumes a basic familiarity with the IBM eServer System z platfor

The network configuration must be determined beforehand. Red Hat Enterprise Linux for IBM Systemz supports QD IO-enabled (Queued Direct I/O) and LCS (

16.4 .1. Preparing for FT P and HT T P inst allat ionIf you are setting up an installation tree for NFS, FTP, or HTTP installations, you must copy the

Copy the isolinux/ directory from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux DVD or CD #1 into a temporarydirectory (referred to here as <path-to-workspace>

/publicly/available/directory client.ip.address To export to all systems use an entry such as: /publicly/available/directory * Start the NFS daemon (

16.6. Inst alling under z/VMLog onto z/VM as the Linux guest account. You can use x3270 or c3270 (from the x3270-textpackage in Red Hat Enterprise Lin

root=/dev/ram0 ro ip=off ramdisk_size=40000CMSDASD=191 CMSCONFFILE=redhat.confvncThe content of the redhat.exec file shipped by Red Hat is:/* */

qeth: SUBCHANNELS="read_device_bus_id,write_device_bus_id, data_device_bus_id"lcs: SUBCHANNELS="read_device_bus_id,write_device_bus_id&

Where mtu is the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) for this connection.DNS=server1:server2::serverNWhere server1:server2::serverN is a list of DNS serve

Update for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3Anaconda now supports both ports on CHPID for OSA Express3 cards. The installer willprompt for the port number

Once all questions have been answered, you are ready to begin the core installation program,lo ad er. To continue with the installation, refer to Chap

Click Continue.In the dialog that follows, keep the default selection of redhat.ins and click Continue.Refer to Section 16.9, “ Installing in an LPAR

Chapter 17. Installing on IBM System z SystemsThis chapter explains how to perform a Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation using the graphical,mouse-b

Fig u re 17.1. In st allat io n Pro g ram Wid g et s as seen in Disk Dru idHere is a list of the most important widgets shown in Figure 17.1, “Inst

NoteIn the following examples, the directory on the installation staging server that will contain theinstallation files will be specified as /location

To "press" a button, position the cursor over the button (using Tab, for example) and press Space orEnter. To select an item from a list of

the Linux Image. Allow the Linux image to connect to the workstation using the command xhost +linuxvm on the local workstation.If the graphical instal

Fig u re 17.2. NFS Set u p Dialo gIf the NFS server is exporting the ISO images of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CD-ROMs, enter thedirectory which con

Fig u re 17.3. FT P Set up Dialo gEnter the name or IP address of the FTP site you are installing from, and the name of the directorycontaining the v

The HTTP dialog applies only if you are installing from an HTTP server (that is, if you used the askmethod boot option and selected HT T P in the Inst

17.8. Welcome t o Red Hat Ent erprise LinuxThe Welcome screen does not prompt you for any input. From this screen you can access theRelease Notes for

Fig u re 17.5. Lan g u ag e Select io nOnce you select the appropriate language, click Next to continue.17.10. Ent er t he Inst allat ion NumberEnter

Fig u re 17.6 . In st allat io n Nu mb er17.11. Disk Part it ioning Set upPartitioning allows you to divide your storage drive(s) into isolated secti

Warning — vdisks, tdisks, and default layoutThe default layout uses all devices made available to the installer. This includes anytemporary storage de

WarningIf you receive an error after the Disk Partitioning Setup phase of the installation sayingsomething similar to:"The partition table on dev

Next make sure that the /publicly/available/directory directory is shared via FTP or HTTP,and verify client access. You can check to see whether the d

For more information on these values, refer to the hardware documentation that came with yoursystem and check with the system administrator who has se

Fig u re 17.9 . Co nf ig u re FCP DeviceThe newly added device should then be present and usable during the Disk Druid portion of theinstallation.⁠Cha

Fig u re 17.10. Co n f ig u re FCP DeviceNoteThe installer requires that at least one ECKD DASD be defined. In the situation where a SCSI-only instal

WarningIf you select this option, all data on the selected DASD and SCSI storage drive(s) isremoved by the installation program. Do not select this op

WarningIt is always a good idea to back up any data that you have on your systems. For example, ifyou are upgrading or creating a dual-boot system, yo

17.14 .1. Graphical Display of DASD Device(s)Disk Dru id offers a graphical representation of your DASD device(s).Using your mouse, click once to hi

Hide RAID device/LVM Volume Group members: Select this option if you do not want to viewany RAID device or LVM Volume Group members that have been cre

Fig u re 17.13. Net wo rk Co n f ig u rat io nThe installation program automatically detects any network devices you have and displays them inthe Netw

Fig u re 17.14 . Ed it in g a Net wo rk DeviceNoteDo not use the numbers as seen in this sample configuration. These values will not work foryour own

You can also scroll through the list at the bottom of the screen to select your time zone. Usingyour mouse, click on a location to highlight your sele

Using a set of CD-ROMs, or a DVD — Create ISO image files from each installation CD -ROM, orfrom the DVD . For each CD-ROM (once for the DVD), execute

Setting up a root account and password is one of the most important steps during your installation.Your root account is similar to the administrator a

NoteTo become root, type su - at the shell prompt in a terminal window and then press Enter.Then, enter the root password and press Enter.The installa

NoteUsers of IBM System z who want support for developing or running legacy 31-bit applicationsare encouraged to select the Compatibility Arch Support

Fig u re 17.18. Packag e G ro u p Det ails17.19. Preparing t o Inst all17.19.1. Preparing t o Inst allA screen preparing you for the installation of

17.20. Inst alling PackagesAt this point there is nothing left for you to do until all the packages have been installed. How quicklythis happens depen

For information on registering your Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscription, refer to Chapter 25,Register Your System and Apply Subscriptions.[10 ] A ro

Chapter 18. Removing Red Hat Enterprise LinuxTo remove from the S/390 you can either remove the DASD allocation from the VM or you can startthe instal

Chapter 19. Sample Parameter FilesThe IBM System z architectures use a special parameter file to set up networking before theinstallation program (an

NoteThe CTC, and NETIUCV drivers have been deprecated and are no longer supportedin Red Hat Enterprise Linux.For example (a sample qeth SUBCHANNEL sta

PORTNAME=osa_portname | lcs_portnumber This variable supports OSA devices operating in qdio mode or in non-qdio mode.When using qdio mode: osa_portnam

Chapter 3. System Specifications ListThe most recent list of supported hardware can be found at http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/.This system specificat

root=/dev/ram0 ro ip=off ramdisk_size=40000CMSDASD=191 CMSCONFFILE=redhat.confvncExample of redhat.conf file (pointed to by CMSCONFFILE in redhat.parm

Chapter 20. Additional Boot OptionsThis section discusses additional boot and kernel boot options available for the Red Hat EnterpriseLinux installati

Important — mandatory for installation on multipathdevicesIf you install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.11 on a network storage device accessiblethrough m

Chapter 21. Troubleshooting Installation on an IBM System zSystemThis appendix discusses some common installation problems and their solutions.21.1. Y

A <swap> partition of type swapNoteWhen defining a partition's type as swap, do not assign it a mount point. Disk Dru idautomatically assig

21.3.1. Remot e Graphical Deskt ops and XDMCPIf you have installed the X Window System and would like to log in to your Red Hat Enterprise Linuxsystem

Type the system-config-printer command at a shell prompt to launch the Prin t erCo n f ig urat io n T o o l. If you are not root, it prompts you for

Chapter 22. Additional Information for IBM System z Users22.1. The sysfs File Syst emThe Linux 2.6 kernel introduced the sysfs file system. The sysfs

22.2. Using t he zFCP DriverDuring the initial installation, you are prompted to enter SCSI/FCP information. If this information isentered, it creates

# cat /sys/bus/ccw/drivers/zfcp/0.0.010a/scsi_host_no0x0# cat /sys/bus/ccw/drivers/zfcp/0.0.010a/0x5005076300c18154/scsi_id0x1# cat \/sys/bus/ccw/driv

Chapter 4. Installing on Intel® and AMD SystemsThis chapter explains how to perform a Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation from the DVD/CD -ROM,using

`/tmp/initrd.cT1534/lib/dasd_mod.ko'`/lib/modules/2.6.7-1.451.2.3/./kernel/drivers/s390/block/dasd_eckd_mod.ko' ->`/tmp/initrd.cT1534/lib

Create a RAID deviceCreate a multipath device22.3.1. Creat ing a RAID Device Wit h mdadmTo create a RAID device, edit the /etc/mdadm.conf file to defi

Spare Devices : 0Chunk Size : 64K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1

Version : 00.90.00Creation Time : Tue Mar 2 10:56:37 2004Raid Level : multipathArray Size : 3905408 (3.72 GiB 3.100 GB)Raid Devices : 1Total Devices

00: 010A QDIO-ELIGIBLE QIOASSIST-ELIGIBLEReady; T=0.01/0.01 15:51:29i 010a00: I 010A00: HCPLDI2816I Acquiring the machine loader from the p

# cat online03. If it is not online, run the following command to bring it online:# echo 1 > online# cat online14. Verify which block devnode it

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group15840 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 29491

Looking for deps of module dasd_eckd_mod dasd_modLooking for deps of module dasd_modLooking for deps of module dasd_fba_mod dasd_modLooking f

Interactive prompt...: disabled Menu timeout...: disabled Default configuration...: 'linux'Syncing disks...Done.22.6. Adding

# echo 0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602 > /sys/bus/ccwgroup/drivers/qeth/groupNext, verify that the qeth group device was created properly:# ls /sys/bus/

NoteIf you are using an Itanium system, and you do not wish to use the GUI installation program,the text mode installation program is also available.

fake_llipa_takeoverportnopriority_queueingrecoverroute4rxipungroupvipaFor information on how these features work, refer to http://www-05.ibm.com/e-bus

Make sure the SUBCHANNELS statement matches the hardware addresses for your qeth device./etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1# IBM QETHDEVICE=eth1

Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface192.168.70.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth19.1

OSA cards can provide up to 16 ports for a single CHPID. By default, the LCS group device usesport 0. To use a different port, issue a command similar

The QETH network device driver supports IBM System z HiperSockets, OSA-Express Fast Ethernet,Gigabit Ethernet (including 1000Base-T), High Speed Token

DEVICE=eth0BOOTPROTO=staticHWADDR=00:06:29:FB:5F:F1IPADDR=9.12.20.136NETMASK=255.255.255.0ONBOOT=yesNETTYPE=qethSUBCHANNELS=0.0.09a0,0.0.09a1,0.0.09a2

NoteDisabling periodic timer interrupts can violate basic assumptions in system accounting tools.If you notice a malfunction related to system account

⁠Part IV. Common TasksInformation that is common to all architectures related to registering your system with Red HatNetwork, choosing whether to inst

Chapter 23. Updating Your System23.1. Driver updat e rpm packagesOccasionally, when a new piece of hardware is not yet supported in the kernel that yo

To install a new driver update rpm package:1. Download the driver update rpm package from the location specified by Red Hat or yourhardware vendor. T

includes most of the on-screen widgets commonly found on graphical user interfaces. Figure 4.1,“ Installation Program Widgets as seen in Boot Loader C

$ rpm -ivh kmod-ipw3945-1.2.04.17.el5.i6863. Whether you used a graphical install, or a command line install, reboot your system to ensureyour sy

Chapter 24. Upgrading Your Current SystemThis chapter explains the various methods available for upgrading your Red Hat Enterprise Linuxsystem.24 .1.

The upgrade process preserves existing configuration files by renaming them with an .rpmsaveextension (for example, sendmail.cf.rpmsave). The upgrade

To re-install your system, select Perform a new Red Hat Enterprise Linux installationand refer to http://www.redhat.com/docs/wp/ as well as Chapter 4,

Chapter 25. Register Your System and Apply Subscriptions25.1. Regist ering t he Syst emBefore you can access service and software maintenance informat

ImportantThe user credentials to use depend on the subscription service. When registering withthe Customer Portal, use the Red Hat Network credentials

NoteRed Hat Subscription Manager (GUI and CLI) must be run as root.To register from the command line, use the register command with the --autosubscrib

[root@server1 ~]# subscription-manager unregisterFrom the Subscription Manager UI:1. Launch Subscription Manager. For example:[root@server ~]# subscr

Chapter 26. An Introduction to Disk PartitionsNoteThis appendix is not necessarily applicable to non-x86-based architectures. However, thegeneral conc

Fig u re 26 .2. Disk Drive wit h a File Syst emAs Figure 26.2, “ Disk Drive with a File System” , implies, the order imposed by a file system involve

Fig u re 4 .2. In st allat io n Pro gram Wid g et s as seen in Disk Dru idHere is a list of the most important widgets shown in Figure 4.1, “Instal

As with most computer-related technologies, disk drives changed over time after their introduction. Inparticular, they got bigger. Not larger in physi

type, to flag the partition as being associated with a particular operating system, to indicate that thepartition contains a bootable operating system

Of course, over time it became obvious that four partitions would not be enough. As disk drivescontinued to grow, it became more and more likely that

26 .1 .4.1. Using Unpart it io ned Free SpaceIn this situation, the partitions already defined do not span the entire hard disk, leaving unallocateds

26 .1 .4.3. Using Free Space fro m an Act ive Part it io nThis is the most common situation. It is also, unfortunately, the hardest to handle. The

There are several disk management software products on the market. Do some research tofind the one that is best for your situation.While the process o

It is important to understand what the resizing software you use does with the newly freed space, sothat you can take the appropriate steps. In the ca

The drive letter can then be used to refer to that partition as well as the file system contained onthat partition.Red Hat Enterprise Linux uses a nam

This is entirely different from how Linux deals with partitions and, for that matter, with disk storage ingeneral. The main difference is that each pa

⁠Part V. Basic System RecoveryWhen things go wrong, there are ways to fix problems. However, these methods require that youunderstand the system well.

Cursor — Although not a widget, the cursor is used to select (and interact with) a particularwidget. As the cursor is moved from widget to widget, it

Chapter 27. Basic System RecoveryWhen things go wrong, there are ways to fix problems. However, these methods require that youunderstand the system we

As the name implies, rescue mode is provided to rescue you from something. During normaloperation, your Red Hat Enterprise Linux system uses files loc

If you selected Continue to mount your partitions automatically and they were mountedsuccessfully, you are in single-user mode.Even if your file syste

27.2.1. Reinst alling t he Boot LoaderIn many cases, the GRUB boot loader can mistakenly be deleted, corrupted, or replaced by otheroperating systems

[12] Refer to the earlier sec tio ns o f this g uid e fo r mo re d etails.Red Hat Ent erprise Linux 5 Inst allat ion G uide270

Chapter 28. Rescue Mode on POWER SystemsYou can use the installation disks in rescue mode, in case your system does not boot. Rescue modegives you acc

⁠Part VI. Advanced Installation and DeploymentThe Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide discusses the installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linuxan

Chapter 29. Disk Encryption GuideNoteRed Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3 now contains support during installation for file systemencryption. This is not supp

What LUKS does not do:LUKS is not well-suited for applications requiring many (more than eight) users to have distinctaccess keys to the same device.L

Important — Global Passphrases Not SupportedDevices encrypted with LUKS can share a global passphrase. When a system contains morethan two encrypted b

USB pen drive — Your machine supports booting from a USB device.PXE boot via network — Your machine supports booting from the network. This is an adva

The best way, which provides high quality random data but takes a long time (several minutes pergigabyte on most systems):dd if=/dev/urandom of=<de

There should now be a device node, /dev/mapper/<name>, which represents the decrypted device.This block device can be read from and written to l

Add an entry to /etc/fstab. This is only necessary if you want to establish a persistent associationbetween the device and a mountpoint. Use the decry

Chapter 30. Installing Through VNCMany enterprise customers perform interactive installations on systems in datacenters. Thesesystems are often, but n

30.2. VNC Modes in AnacondaAnaconda offers two modes for VNC installation. The mode you select will depend on the networkconfiguration in your environ

Now that you have installed a VNC viewer application and selected a VNC mode for use inanaconda, you are ready to begin the installation.30.3.1. Inst

If your target system will be booting over the network, VNC is still available. Just add the vnccommand to the kickstart file for the system. You will

Chapter 31. Kickstart Installations31.1. What are Kickst art Inst allat ions?Many system administrators would prefer to use an automated installatio

Omitting any required item results in the installation program prompting the user for an answer tothe related item, just as the user would be prompted

table. The --only-use option specifies that only the disks listed will be used duringinstallation.The ignoredisk option is also useful if you have mul

4.4.2 .1 . Bo o t ing t he Inst allat io n Pro gram fro m t he DVD/CD-ROMTo boot from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CD #1 follow these steps:1. Re

--ldapserver= — If you specified either --enableldap or --enableldapauth, usethis option to specify the name of the LDAP server to use. This option is

--enablesmbauth — Enables authentication of users against an SMB server (typicallya Samba or Windows server). SMB authentication support does not know

NoteIf the clearpart command is used, then the --onpart command cannot be usedon a logical partition.Important — unformatted DASDs on System zRed Hat

--opts= — Mount options to use for mounting the NFS export. Any options that can bespecified in /etc/fstab for an NFS mount are allowed. The options a

packets on port 1234 through, specify 1234:udp. To specify multiple ports, separatethem by commas.firstboot ( o p t io n al)Determine whether the Set

nfs — Install from the NFS server specified.--server=Server from which to install (hostname or IP).--dir=Directory containing the variant directory of

--password= — the password that corresponds with the username specified for thetarget--reverse-user= — the username required to authenticate with the

The langsupport keyword is deprecated and its use will cause an error message to beprinted to the screen and installation to halt. Instead of using th

--host= — Send logging information to the given remote host, which must be runninga syslogd process configured to accept remote logging.--port= — If t

Configures network information for the system. If the kickstart installation requiresnetworking (when the Kickstart file is accessed over HTTP, FTP or

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Installation GuideInstalling Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 for all architecturesRüdiger LandmannRed Hat Engineering Content Se

For Itanium users:To pass options to the boot loader on an Itanium system, enter the following at the EFI Shell prompt:elilo linux optionFor x86, AMD6

network --bootproto=query--device= — Used to specify the network device being configured. For example:network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0The above

/<path>For example, /, /usr, /homeswapThe partition is used as swap space.To determine the size of the swap partition automatically, use the --r

partition /home --onpart=hda1puts /home on /dev/hda1, which must already exist.--ondisk= or --ondrive= — Forces the partition to be created on a parti

The poweroff option is roughly equivalent to the shutdown -p command.NoteThe poweroff option is highly dependent on the system hardware in use.Specifi

The following example shows how to create a RAID level 1 partition for /, and a RAID level5 for /usr, assuming there are three SCSI disks on the syste

--mirrorlist= — The URL pointing at a list of mirrors for the repository. The variablesthat may be used in yum repo config files are not supported her

Do not include spaces in the list of servicesIf you include spaces in the comma-separated list, kickstart will enable or disableonly the services up t

--groups= — In addition to the default group, a comma separated list of group namesthe user should belong to. The groups must exist before the user ac

For a detailed example of volgroup in action, refer to Section 31.4.1, “ AdvancedPartitioning Example” .xconfig ( op t io n al)Configures the X Window

part raid.13 --size 2000 --asprimary --ondrive=hda part raid.14 --size 8000 --ondrive=hda part raid.15 --size 1 -

linux console=ttyS0 utf84.4.3.1 . Ke rne l Opt io nsOptions can also be passed to the kernel. For example, to apply updates for the anacondainstallati

Administration ToolsAuthoring and PublishingDevelopment LibrariesDevelopment ToolsDNS Name ServerEclipseEditorsEngineering and ScientificFTP ServerGNO

System ToolsText-based InternetWeb ServerWindows File ServerWindows PV DriversX Software DevelopmentX Window SystemIn most cases, it is only necessary

31.6. Pre-inst allat ion ScriptYou can add commands to run on the system immediately after the ks.cfg has been parsed. Thissection must be at the end

%include /tmp/part-includeThe partitioning commands selected in the script are used.NoteThe pre-installation script section of kickstart cannot manage

nochroot:This command is available in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 and later.%post --log=/root/ks-post.logwith --nochroot:%post --nochroot --log=/mnt/

To perform a CD-ROM-based kickstart installation, the kickstart file must be named ks.cfg and mustbe located in the boot CD-ROM's top-level direc

Note that if you do not specify a server name, then the client system attempts to use the server thatanswered the BOOTP/DHCP request as its NFS server

askmethodDo not automatically use the CD-ROM as the install source if we detect a Red Hat EnterpriseLinux CD in your CD -ROM drive.autostepMake kicks

ks=nfs:<server>:/<path>The installation program looks for the kickstart file on the NFS server <server>, as file<path>. The in

The installation program uses this network device to connect to the network. For example,consider a system connected to an NFS server through the eth1

HT T PIf you are installing directly from an HTTP (Web) server, use this method. You need a bootCD-ROM (use the linux askmethod boot option). Refer to

Do not load the VGA16 framebuffer required for doing text-mode installation in somelanguages.nofirewireDo not load support for firewire devices.noipv6

rescueRun rescue environment.resolution=<mode>Run installer in mode specified, '1024x768' for example.serialTurns on serial console su

Chapter 32. Kickstart ConfiguratorKickst art Co nf ig u rat o r allows you to create or modify a kickstart file using a graphical userinterface, so t

Choose the language to use during the installation and as the default language to be used afterinstallation from the Def au lt Lan g u ag e menu.Sele

Fig u re 32.2. In st allat io n Met h o dThe Installation Method screen allows you to choose whether to perform a new installation oran upgrade. If y

intact before you start the installation. To verify them, use an md5sum program as well as the linux mediacheck boot option as discussed in the Red Ha

Confirm Password text field. To save the password as an encrypted password in the file, selectEncrypt GRUB password. If the encryption option is selec

32.4 .1. Creat ing Part it ionsTo create a partition, click the Add button. The Partition Options window shown in Figure 32.5,“ Creating Partitions”

Fig u re 32.5. Creat in g Part it io n sTo edit an existing partition, select the partition from the list and click the Edit button. The samePartition

3. Configure the partitions as previously described, except select Software RAID as the filesystem type. Also, you must specify a hard drive on which

Fig u re 4 .3. Select in g Part it io n Dialo g f o r Hard Drive In st allat io nEnter the device name of the partition containing the Red Hat Ente

Fig u re 32.7. Creat in g a So f t ware RAID Device4. Click OK to add the device to the list.32.5. Net work Configurat ionRed Hat Ent erprise Linux

Fig u re 32.8. Net wo rk Co n f ig u rat io nIf the system to be installed via kickstart does not have an Ethernet card, do not configure one on theNe

Fig u re 32.9 . Aut hen t icat io nIn the Authentication section, select whether to use shadow passwords and MD5 encryption foruser passwords. These o

Fig u re 32.10. Firewall Co n f ig u rat io nIf Disable firewall is selected, the system allows complete access to any active services andports. No co

If you are installing the X Window System, you can configure it during the kickstart installation bychecking the Configure the X Window System option

program probe for the video card during installation. Probing works for most modern video cards. Ifthis option is selected and the installation progra

Fig u re 32.13. X Co n f ig u rat io n - Mo nit o rProbe for monitor is selected by default. Accept this default to have the installation programpro

Fig u re 32.14 . Packag e Select io nThe Package Selection window allows you to choose which package groups to install.Package resolution is carried o

Fig u re 32.15. Pre- In st allat io n Scrip tYou can add commands to run on the system immediately after the kickstart file has been parsed andbefore

netstat, nice, nohup, nslookup, od, openvt, passwd, patch, pidof, ping, ping6, pipe_progress, pivot_root, printenv, printf, ps, pwd, rdate, readlink,

Fig u re 4 .4 . T CP/IP Co nf ig u rat io n4.9. Inst alling via NFSThe NFS dialog applies only if you are installing from an NFS server (if you select

Fig u re 32.16 . Po st - In st allat io n Scrip tYou can also add commands to execute on the system after the installation is completed. If thenetwor

To make changes to the newly installed file system, within the post-installation section, but outside ofthe chroot environment, you must prepend the d

Fig u re 32.17. PreviewTo save the kickstart file, click the Save to File button in the preview window. To save the filewithout previewing it, select

Chapter 33. Boot Process, Init, and ShutdownAn important and powerful aspect of Red Hat Enterprise Linux is the open, user-configurable methodit uses

When an x86 computer is booted, the processor looks at the end of system memory for the BasicInput/Output System or BIOS program and runs it. The BIOS

The boot loader then places one or more appropriate initramfs images into memory. Next, the kerneldecompresses these images from memory to /sysroot/,

The init program starts all of the background processes by looking in the appropriate rc directoryfor the runlevel specified as the default in /etc/in

S13portmap -> ../init.d/portmap S15mdmonitor -> ../init.d/mdmonitor S15zebra -> ../init.d/zebra S16bgpd -> ../init.d/bgpd S16ospf6d ->

NoteOne of the last things the init program executes is the /etc/rc.d/rc.local file. This file isuseful for system customization. Refer to Section 33.

operate the system at a lower runlevel to perform diagnostic tasks, like fixing disk corruption inrunlevel 1.The characteristics of a given runlevel d

Fig u re 4 .5. NFS Set up Dialo gIf the NFS server is exporting the ISO images of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CD-ROMs, enter thedirectory which cont

Red Hat Enterprise Linux provides three such utilities:/sbin/chkconfig — The /sbin/chkconfig utility is a simple command line tool formaintaining the

Chapter 34. PXE Network InstallationsRed Hat Enterprise Linux allows for installation over a network using the NFS, FTP, or HTTPprotocols. A network i

-a — Specifies that an OS instance is being added to the PXE configuration.-i "<description>" — Replace "<description>"

Fig u re 34 .1. Ad d Ho st sThe next step is to configure which hosts are allowed to connect to the PXE boot server. For thecommand line version of th

Multiple IP addresses not acceptedOnly enter a single IP address. an aco n d a will not use multiple addresses.Operating System — The operating system

tftp is an xinetd-based service; start it with the following commands:/sbin/chkconfig --level 345 xinetd on/sbin/chkconfig --level 345 tftp onThese co

Revision HistoryNote that revision numbers relate to the edition of this manual, not to version numbers of Red HatEnterprise Linux.Revisio n 3.1- 4 6

Added size limit for ext3 - BZ #843305Revisio n 3.1- 26 Fri Feb 02 2012 Jack R eedUpdated FTP/HTTP installation prep procedure - BZ #240455Corrected

Revisio n 3.1- 11 Wed Jan 5 2011 Rü d ig er Lan dman nClarify pxeos details — BZ #243098Revisio n 3.1- 10 Wed Jan 5 2011 Rü d ig er Lan dman nDo

Explain RAID issues BZ #486735Revisio n 3.0- 19 Mo n Jan 11 2010 Rü d ig er Lan d man nFix some line breaks per BZ #486735Revisio n 3.0- 18 Mo n

Fig u re 4 .6 . FT P Set u p Dialo gEnter the name or IP address of the FTP site you are installing from, and the name of the directorycontaining the

migrated to new automated build systemIndexSymbols/bo ot / part it io n- recommended partitioning, Recommended Partitioning Scheme, RecommendedPartiti

b o ot lo ad er p asswo rd , x86 , AMD 6 4 , an d In t el® 6 4 Bo o t Lo ad er Co n f ig u rat io nb o ot lo ad ers, G RUB- (see also GRUB)- def

- x86, AMD64 and Intel 64, Booting the Installation Program on x86, AMD64,and Intel® 64 Systems- rescue mode, Booting into Rescue Mode- single-user m

Disk Part it io n er- adding partitions, Adding Partitions, Adding Partitionsd isk part it io n in g , Disk Part it io n in g Set up , Disk Part it i

- x11 forwarding, Installation using X11 ForwardingG RU B, x86 , AMD6 4 , an d In t el® 6 4 Bo o t Load er Co n f ig u rat io n , Bo o t Lo ad er

- partitioning of, An Introduction to Disk Partitionsh ard d rive in st allat io n , In st allin g f ro m a Hard Drive, In st allin g f ro m a Har

- CD-ROM, Installing on Intel® and AMD Systems, Installing on IBM System iand IBM System p systems, Installing on IBM System z Systems- hard drive, P

in st allat io n pro g ram- Itanium- booting, Booting the Installation Program on Itanium Systems- starting, Running the Installation Program- x86, A

- installation key, Basic Configuration- installation method selection, Installation Method- interactive, Basic Configuration- keyboard, Basic Configu

- multipath , Kickstart Options- network , Kickstart Options- network-based, Making the Kickstart File Available on the Network, Making theInstallatio

The HTTP dialog applies only if you are installing from an HTTP server (that is, if you used the askmethod boot option and selected HT T P in the Inst

- installing- common steps, Installing in an LPAR (Common Steps)- using the LPAR CD, Installing in an LPAR using the Red Hat EnterpriseLinux LPAR CD-

- performing, Performing a Network Installation, Performing a Network Installation- preparing for, Preparing for a Network Installation, Preparing for

- how many partitions, Partitions: Turning One Drive Into Many, How Many Partitions?- introduction to, Partitions: Turning One Drive Into Many- making

rc.serial , Ru n n in g Ad d it io nal Pro grams at Bo o t T ime- (see also setserial command)re- in st allat io n , Det ermin in g Wh et h er t o

- (see also halt)sin g le- u ser mo d e, Bo o t in g in t o Sin g le- U ser Mo d eSMP mo t h erb oard s- GRUB, SMP Motherboards and GRUBst art in g-

T CP/IP co n f ig u rat io n , Perf o rmin g a Net wo rk In st allat io n , Perf o rmin g a Net wo rkIn st allat io nt f t p , PXE N et wo rk In st

- signal 11 error, Is Your System Displaying Signal 11 Errors?, Is YourSystem Displaying Signal 11 Errors?, Is Your System Displaying Signal 11Errors?

XDMCP, R emo t e G rap h ical Deskt o p s an d XDMCPYYAB O O T , Bo o t Lo ad ers an d Syst em Arch it ect u re- (see also boot loaders)Zz /IPL, Bo

4.12. Welcome t o Red Hat Ent erprise LinuxThe Welcome screen does not prompt you for any input. From this screen you can access theRelease Notes for

Fig u re 4 .8. Lan g u ag e Select io nOnce you select the appropriate language, click Next to continue.4.14 . Keyboard Configurat ionUsing your mouse

Legal NoticeCo pyright © 20 14 Red Hat, Inc..This do cument is licensed by Red Hat under the Creative Co mmo ns Attributio n-ShareAlike 3.0Unpo rted

Fig u re 4 .9 . K eyb oard Co n f ig u rat io nNoteTo change your keyboard layout type after you have completed the installation, use theKeyb o ard

Fig u re 4 .10. In st allat io n Nu mber4.16. Disk Part it ioning Set upPartitioning allows you to divide your hard drive into isolated sections, whe

WarningThe Up dat e Ag en t downloads updated packages to /var/cache/yum/ by default. If youpartition the system manually, and create a separate /var

WarningIf you receive an error after the Disk Partitioning Setup phase of the installation sayingsomething similar to:"The partition table on dev

From this screen you can choose to disable a dmraid device, in which case the individual elementsof the dmraid device will appear as separate hard dri

Fig u re 4 .14 . Co n f ig u re ISCSI Paramet ersPlease note that you will be able to reattempt with a different ISCSI target IP should you enter itin

Fig u re 4 .15. Creat e Def au lt Layo utUsing your mouse, choose the storage drive(s) on which you want Red Hat Enterprise Linux to beinstalled. If

NoteIf you have a RAID card, be aware that some BIOSes do not support booting from the RAIDcard. In cases such as these, the /boot/ partition must be

Fig u re 4 .16 . Part it io n in g wit h Disk Dru id o n x86 , AMD6 4 , an d In t el® 6 4 Syst emsThe partitioning tool used by the installatio

Edit: Used to modify attributes of the partition currently selected in the Partitions section.Selecting Edit opens a dialog box. Some or all of the fi

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Hide RAID device/LVM Volume Group members: Select this option if you do not want to viewany RAID device or LVM Volume Group members that have been cre

A swap partition (at least 256 MB) — swap partitions are used to support virtual memory. In otherwords, data is written to a swap partition when there

Warning — do not place /var on network storageRed Hat Enterprise Linux 5.11 does not support having a separate /var on a networkfilesystem (for exampl

Fig u re 4 .17. Creat in g a New Part it io nMount Point: Enter the partition's mount point. For example, if this partition should be the rootpa

If you choose Fill all space up to (MB), you must give size constraints in the field to theright of this option. This allows you to keep a certain amo

NoteIf the partition already exists on your disk, you can only change the partition's mount point. Tomake any other changes, you must delete the

Fig u re 4 .18. Bo o t Lo ad er Co nf ig u rat io nIf you do not want to install GRUB as your boot loader, click Change boot loader, where you cancho

NoteThe Label column lists what you must enter at the boot prompt, in non-graphical bootloaders, in order to boot the desired operating system.Once yo

the earliest point at which the boot loader can take control of the boot process. If you install it inthe MBR, when your machine boots, GRUB presents

The Force LBA32 (not normally required) option allows you to exceed the 1024 cylinderlimit for the /boot/ partition. If you have a system which suppor

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and associated mirror sites.SYSLINUXSYSLINUX is an MS-DOS program very similar to LOADLIN. It is also available fromftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/sy

Fig u re 4 .20. Net wo rk Co n f ig u rat io nThe installation program automatically detects any network devices you have and displays them inthe Netw

Fig u re 4 .21. Ed it in g a Net wo rk DeviceNoteDo not use the numbers as seen in this sample configuration. These values will not work foryour own

NoteTo change your network configuration after you have completed the installation, use theNet wo rk Ad min ist rat io n To ol.Type the system-config

Select System Clock uses UTC if you know that your system is set to UTC.NoteTo change your time zone configuration after you have completed the instal

Fig u re 4 .23. Ro o t Passwo rdUse the root account only for system administration. Create a non-root account for your general useand su - to root w

NoteDo not use one of the example passwords offered in this manual. Using one of thesepasswords could be considered a security risk.NoteTo change your

Fig u re 4 .24 . Packag e G ro up Select io nSelect each component you wish to install.Once a package group has been selected, if optional components

Fig u re 4 .25. Packag e G ro up Det ails4.25. Preparing t o Inst all4 .25.1. Prepare t o Inst allA screen preparing you for the installation of Red

4.26. Inst alling PackagesAt this point there is nothing left for you to do until all the packages have been installed. How quicklythis happens depend

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If you do not know the names of the installed kernels, you can view the /boot/efi/elilo.conf filein EFI with the following instructions:1. At the Sh

options appears. Move the Red Hat En t erp rise Lin u x 5 menu item up to the top of the listby selecting it with the arrow keys and pressing the u

Chapter 5. Removing Red Hat Enterprise LinuxTo uninstall Red Hat Enterprise Linux from your x86-based system, you must remove the Red HatEnterprise Li

The print command also displays the partition's type (such as linux-swap, ext2, ext3, and so on).Knowing the type of the partition helps you in d

Chapter 6. Troubleshooting Installation on an Intel® or AMDSystemThis appendix discusses some common installation problems and their solutions.6.1. Yo

For more information concerning signal 11 errors, refer to: http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/6.2. Trouble Beginning t he Inst allat ion6.2.1. Problems wi

6.3.3. T rouble wit h Part it ion T ablesIf you receive an error after the Disk Partitioning Setup (Section 4.16, “ Disk PartitioningSetup” ) phase of

NoteWhen defining a partition's type as swap, you do not have to assign it a mount point. DiskDru id automatically assigns the mount point for y

If you are experiencing problems with GRUB, you may need to disable the graphical boot screen. Todo this, become the root user and edit the /boot/grub

When you are satisfied with your change, save and exit the file using the Ctrl+Q keys. A windowappears and asks if you would like to save the changes.

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Once the boot loader screen has returned, type b to boot the system.Once you have booted into single user mode and have access to the # prompt, you

Remember to replace xx with the amount of RAM in your system. Press Enter to boot.6.4 .7. Your Print er Does Not WorkIf you are not sure how to set u

Chapter 7. Updating drivers during installation on Intel and AMDsystemsIn most cases, Red Hat Enterprise Linux already includes drivers for the device

You cannot use a driver update to replace drivers that the installation program has alreadyloaded. Instead, you must complete the installation with th

7.2.1. Preparing t o use a driver updat e image file7.2.1 .1 . Pre paring t o use an im age file o n lo cal st o rageTo make the ISO image file avai

Refer to Section 7.3.2, “ Let the installer prompt you for a driver update” and Section 7.3.4, “Use aboot option to specify a driver update image fil

2. Right-click on this file and choose Write to disc. You will see a window similar to thefollowing:Fig u re 7.3. CD /DVD Creat o r' s Writ e t

Fig u re 7.4 . Co n t en t s o f a t yp ical d river u p d at e disc o n CD o r DVDIf you see only a single file ending in .iso, then you have not c

1. Insert a blank, formatted floppy disk into an available drive, or connect an empty USBstorage device (such as a USB flash drive) to your computer.

find . | cpio --quiet -c -o | gzip -9 >/tmp/initrd_update.img5. Copy the file /tmp/initrd_update.img into the directory the holds the target that

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installer will automatically examine the device and load any driver updates that it detects and will notprompt you during the process. Refer to Sectio

Fig u re 7.6 . T h e driver d isk p ro mp t2. Insert the driver update disk that you created on CD , DVD , floppy disk, or USB storage deviceand sele

7.4. Specifying t he locat ion of a driver updat e image file or driverupdat e diskIf the installer detects more than one possible device that could h

Fig u re 7.8. Select in g a d river d isk part it io nThe installer prompts you to specify which file contains the driver update:Fig u re 7.9 . Selec

Expect to see these screens if you stored the driver update on an internal hard drive or on a USBstorage device. You should not see them if the driver

Chapter 8. Additional Boot Options for Intel® and AMD SystemsThis section discusses additional boot and kernel boot options available for the Red Hat

this command gives you the option of testing the integrity of the install source (if an ISO-based method). this command works with the CD, DVD, hard d

nopassthis command disables the passing of keyboard and mouse information to stage 2 of theinstallation program. It can be used to test keyboard and m

this command turns on serial console support.textthis command disables the graphical installation program and forces the installationprogram to run in

Chapter 9. The GRUB Boot LoaderWhen a computer with Red Hat Enterprise Linux is turned on, the operating system is loaded intomemory by a special prog